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MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Dental materials a complexity that involves the mathematics of Engineering, the science of materials, and arts of dentistry (without one the others are useless) each of these is depended on the other only together can they be effective so let us explore the mathematical complexities of dental materials

Mechanical properties D.M

Out of the four common material property categories namely physical, chemical mechanical and biological. We shall discuss mechanical properties

Definition: mechanical properties are subset of physical properties that are based on the laws of mechanics that is the physical science that deals with energy and forces and their effects on the bodies. They are the measured response, both

Elastic reversible on force removal
And plastic irreversible or non elastic
Of material under an applied force are distribution of forces.

Mechanical properties are expressed most often in units of stress and stain.
They can represent measurement of
1) Elastic or reversible deformation (i.e. proportional unit resilience and modulus of elasticity)
2) Plastic are irreversible deformation (Percent elongation and hardness)
3) A combination of elastic and plastic deformation such as toughness and yield strength

To discuss these properties one must first understand the concepts of tress and strain

Depending on the forces three simple types of tresses are classified
a) Compressive stress
b) Tensile stress
c) Shear stress
d) Flexural (bending) stress


Compressive stress: if a body is placed under a load the tends to compress are
shorten it, the internal resistance to such a load is called a” compressive stress” a compressive stress is associated with the strain here forces are directed to each other in a straight line

Tensile stress: a tensile stress is caused by a load that tends to stretch or elongate a body. A tensile stree is always accompanied by a shear strain, Here forces act paralled to each

d) Flexural Bending stress
is produced by bending forces and may generate all three types of stress in a structure. It can occur in fixed partial dentures or cantilever structures








As shown in above figure. Tensile stress develops on the tissue side of the FPD. And compressive stress develops on the occlusal side.

For a cantilevered FPD the maximum tensile stress develops with the occlusal surface if you can visualize the unit bending downward toward the tissue the upper surface becomes more convex or stretched and the opposite surface becomes compressed


Mechanical properties based on elastic deformation

There are several important mechanical properties measuring reversible deformation and includes
1) Elastic modulus ( young’s modulus or modulus of elasticity or hook’s law )
2) Dynamic young’s modulus
3) Flexibility
4) Resilience
5) Poisson’s ratio

! ) elastic modulus ( young’s modulus or modulus of elasticity
Definition : if any stress value equal to or less than the proportional limit
Is divided by its corresponding strain value, a constant of proportionality will result. This constant of proportionality is known as the modulus of elasticity or young’s modulus it is represented by the letter E
E = Stress
----------- giga Newton’s / sq m or giga pascules
Strain ( 1 giga Newton / m2 6N / m2 = 10. 3 MN / M2
Elastic modulus describes the relative stiffness or rigidity of a material

This phenomenon can play a role in burnishing of margins of crown

Elastic modulus of various materials




Materials Elastic modulus (G N/m2)
1)Enamel 84.1
2) Destin 18.3
3) Feld spathic porcelain 69.0
4) Composite resin 16.6
5)Acrylic denture resin 2.65
6) Cobalt – chromium partial 218.0
denture alloy
7) Gold (type-4) alloy 99.3

Enamel has higher elastic modulus (3-4 times) then dentin and is stiffer or more brittle, while dentin is more flexible and tougher, ceramic have higher modulus then polymers and composites.

2) Dynamic Young’s modulus
Elastic modulus can be measured by a dynamic method, since the velocity at which sound travels through a solid can be readily measured by ultrasonic longitudinal and transverse wave transclucers and appropriate receivers. The velocity of the sound wave and the density of the material can be used to calculate the ‘elastic modulus’ and
‘Poisson ratio’ values. This method of determining ‘dynamic elastic moduli’ is less
complicated than conventional tensile or compressive tests.
If instead of uniatial tensile or compressive stress a shear stress was induced
The resulting shear strain could be used to define a shear modulus for the material. The
Shear modulus (G) \, can be calculated from the elastic modulus (I) and poisons ratio
(V), using equation


E E
G= ----------- = ------------ = 0.38 E
2 (1+V) 2 (1+0.3)

A value of 0.3 for Poisson’s ratio is typical. Thus, the shear modulus is usually about 38% of the elastic modulus.

4) Flexibility :
The maximum flexibility is defined as the strain occurring when the material is stressed to its proportional unit. A larger strain or deformation with slight stresses is called flexibility and is an important consideration in orthodontic appliances.

5) Resilience:
Resilience can be defined as the amount of energy absorbed with in a unit volume of a structure, when it is stressed to its proportional limit. It is popularly associated with springiness .for example when an acrobat falls on a trapeze net the energy fall is absorbed by he resilience of the net and when this energy is released the acrobat is again into the air.
The above is a stress-strain that illustrates the concepts of resilience and toughness. The area bounded by the elastic region is a measure of resilience and the total area under the stress-strain curve is a measure of toughness.
The restorative material should exhibit a moderately high elastic modulus and relatively low resilience thus limiting the elastic strain.

6) Poisson’s Ratio:
When a tensile stress or compressive stress is applied to a cylinder or rod, there is simultaneous axial and lateral strain, within the elastic range, the ratio of the lateral to the axial strain is called POISSONS RATIO
Lateral strain
POISSONS= ----------------------
Axial strain
For ideal isotropic material it is 0.5
For most engineering materials it is 0.3


2) MECHANICAL PROPERTIES BASED ON PLASTIC DEFORMATION
(Irreversible deformation)
Now, we come to properties that are determined from stresses at the end of elastic region of stress-strain, plot viz
1) Proportional limit
2) Elastic limit
3) Yield strength (proof stress)
4) Permanent (plastic) deformation.

*) Strength:
Strength is the stress necessary to cause either fracture or plastic deformation.
The strength of a material can be described by one or more of the following properties,
1)Proportional limit
2) elastic limit
3) Yield strength
4) Permanent deformation

1) Proportional limit:
Defn: The greatest stress that may be produced in a material such that the stress is directly proportional to strain.
For E.g.: A wire is loaded in tension in a small increments until the wire ruptures without removal of the load each time, and plotted stress on vertical co-ordinate and the corresponding strain is plotted on the horizontal co-ordinate a curve as shown below





The point ‘P’ is the proportional limit and up to point ‘B’the is proportional to strain and beyond ‘P’ the strain is no longer elastic and stress is no longer proportional to strain.

2) Elastic limit:
The elastic limit is defined as the maximum stress that a material will withstand without permanent deformation,(for all practical purposes, therefore). The elastic limit and the proportional limit represent the same stress within the structure and the terms are often interchangeable in referring to the stress involved. However they differ in that one describes the elastic behavior of the material where as the other deals with stress to strain in the structure.

3) Yield Strength it is the stress at which the material begins to function in a plastic manner, this yield strength is defined as the stress at which a material exhibits a limiting deviation from proportionality of stress to strain. It is used when proportional limit cannot be accurately determined.
It is described in terms of percent offset.
Elastic limit, proportional limit and yield strength though defined differently have close values but yield strength is always greater than the other two (proportional limit, elastic limit).
4) Permanent (plastic) deformation
If a material is deformed by a stress beyond its proportional limit before fracture and the force removed. The strain does not become 0 due to plastic or permanent deformation, thus it refers to the stress which a material get permanently deformated i.e it remains bent, stretched or deformed







It is the stress at which the material begins to function in a plastic manner. Thus yield strength is defined as the stress at which a material exhibits a limiting deviation from proportionality of stress to strain. It is used when proportional limit cannot be accurately determined.
It is described in terms of percent offset.
Elastic limit, proportional limit and yield strength though defined differently have close values but yield strength is always greater then the other two.
(i.e. proportional ;limit , elastic limit)

3) Permanent (plastic) Deformation:
If a material is deformed by a stress beyond its proportional limit before fracture and the force removed the strain doesn’t become zero due to plastic or permanent deformation. Thus it refers to the stress beyond which a material get permanently deformated i.e. it remains bent stretched or deformated .

Now, Let’s have a look at different types of strength
It is the material stress required to fracture a structure.

1) Diametral Tensile Strength:
Tensile strength is generally determined by


Now let’s have a look at different types of strength,

It is the maximal stress required to fracture a structure

1) Diametral Tensile Strength:
Tensile strength is generally determined by subjecting a rod, wire or dumbbell shaped specimen to tensile load, since such test is quit difficult to perform for brittle materials because of alignment and gripping problems, another test has become popular for brittle materials because of alignment and gripping problems, another test has become popular for determining this property for brittle dental material is refered to as” Diametral compression test”









Compressive load is placed against the side of a short cylindrical (specimens). The vertical compressive forces produces a tensile stress and fracture occurs along this vertical plane, Have tensile stress is directly proportional to compressive load


_2P_ P= Load
Tensile Stress = Dt D= Diameter
T= Thickness

This test simple to conduct and provides excellent reproducibility of result.

Flexure Strength ( Transverse strength or Modulus of rupture)






This property is essential a strength test of a beam supported at each end, under static load. It is a collective measurement of all types of stress.

When the load is applied, the specimen bends, the principal stress is applied, the specimen bends, the principal stress on the upper surface are compressive, where as those on the lower surface are tensile.

The mathematical formula for computing the flexure strength is


= 3Pl = flexural strength
2 bd2 = Distance between support
= Width of the specimen
=Depth or thickness specimen
= Maximum load at the point of fracture

it is preferred for brittle materials

Fatigue strength:

Stress values well below the ultimate tensile strength can produce premature fracture of a dental prosthesis or material because microscopic flows grow slowly over many cycles of stress. This phenomenon is called fatigue failure

Fatigue strength is the endurance limit i.e. maximum stress cycles that can be maintained without failure

It can be determined by subjecting a material to a cyclic stress of a maximum known value and determining the number of cycles that are required to produce failure.

Static fatigue is a phenomena attributed to the interaction of a constant tensile stress with structural flow over time. It is a phenomenon exhibited by certain ceramic materials in wet environment; certain ceramics also demonstrate dynamic fatigue failure.

1) Impact strength:

Impact strength may be defined as the energy required to fracture a material under an impact force

A charpy type impact tester and Izod impact tester are used to test.

A material with a low elastic modulus and a high tensile strength is more resistant to impact forces.

A low elastic modulus and a low tensile strength suggest low impact resistance

Other mechanical properties: Toughness is defined as the amount of elastic and plastic deformation energy required tp fracture a material and is a measure of resistance to fracture, Toughness is stress stain cure upto fracture and depends on strength and ductility

Fracture toughness:

Fracture toughness is a mechanical property that describes the resistance of brittle materials to the catastrophic propagation of flows under times the square root of crack length i.e Mpa. M½ or tnN.M 3/2

Brittleness:
Brittleness is the relative inability of a material to sustain plastic deformation before fracture of a material occurs. It is considered as the opposite of toughness for example Amalgams, ceramics and composites are brittle at oral temperature; They fracture without plastic strain. Hence, brittle materials fracture at or near their proportional limit however, a brittle material is not necessarily weak, for example Glass is drum in to a fibers or Glass infiltrated alumina core ceramics.


3) Ductility and Malleability:
Ductility represents the ability of a material to sustain a large permanent deformation under a tensile load before it fractures. For example a metal that may be readily drawn into a wire is said to be ductile

Malleability: The ability of a material to sustain considerable permanent deformation without rupture

Under Compression:
As in the most ductile and malleable metal which silver is second, platinum B 3rd rank in ductility and copper ranks 3rd in malleability

Ductility is measured by 3 common methods

a) Percent elongation after fracture:

The simplest and most commonly used method is to compare the increase in length of a wire or rod after fracture in tension to its length before fracture. Two marks are placed on the wire as the gauge length (for dental, materials, the standard gauge length is usually 51mm) the wire or rod is then pulled a part under a tensile load, the fractured ends are fitted together, and the gauge length is again measured, the ratio of the increase in length after fracture to the original gauge length is called the present elongation and represents ductility

b) The reduction in area of tensile test specimens:
The necking or cone-shaped constriction that occurs at the fractured end of a ductile wire after rupture under tensile load, the percentage of decrease in cross-sectional area of the fractured end in comparison to the original area of the wire or rod is referred to as the reduction in area

c) The cold bend test:
The material is clamped in a vise and bent around a mandrel of specified radius, the number of bends to fracture is counted, with the grater the number, the greeter the number, the greater is the ductility of the material.

HARDNESS:
The term hardness is difficult to define, in mineralogy the relative hardness of a substance is based on its ability to” resist scratching” In metallurgy and most other disciplines, the concept of hardness is” resistance to indentation”

Numerous properties like strength proportional limit and ductility interact to produce hardness

Hardness tests, are included in ADA specifications for dental materials, there are various scales and tests mostly based on the ability of the material surface to resist penetration by a point under a specified load, these test include Burcol, Brinells Rock well, share, Vickers and Knoop

1) Brinell bard ness test:
- One of the oldest test used to
determining the hardness of metals
- A hardness steel ball is pressed under a specified load into the polished surface of a material the load is divided by the area of the projected surface of the indentation and the quotient is referred to ad Brinell hardness number or BHN

- Brinell hardness test has been extensively used for determining the hardness of metals and metallic materials used in dentistry.

- BHN is related to the proportional limit and the ultimate tensile strength of dental gold alloys









Rockwell hardness test:

It is some what similar to the
Brinell test in that a steel ball or conical diamond point is used. Instead of measuring the diameter of the impression the depth of penetration is measured directly by a dial gauge on the instrument. Different indenting points for different materials are used and designated as RHN

These two BHN and RHN are unsuitable for brittle materials


Vickers Hardness test:
- Is the same principle of hardness
- Testing that is used in the Brinell test
- Instead of a steel ball, a square based
- Pyramid is used. Although the pression
- Is square instead of round the load is divided by the projected area of indentation and
designated as VHN
- The Vickers test is employed in the ADA specification for dental casting gold alloys,
also it is suitable for brittle materials, Hence used for measure tooth hardness

4) Knoop Hardness test:
This employs a diamond tipped tool cut in geometric configuration. The impression is rhombic in outline and the length of the largest diagonal is measured the projected area is divided into the load to give the KHN

The hardness value is virtually independent of the ductivity of the tested material thus hardness of tooth enamel can be compared with that of gold, porcelain, load can be varied from 1g to 1kg so that both hand and soft materials can be tested

The knoop and Vickers tests are classified as micro hardness test while Brinell and Rock well are macro hardness test. Knoop and Vickers can measure hardness in thin object too

Other less sophisticated tests are SHORE and BARCOL to measure hardness of materials like rubber and plastics, types of dental materials; these utilize portable indenters and are used in industry for quality control the principle of these tests is alos based on resistance to indentation

Stress concentration factors of material

Stress concentration factors refer to the microscopic flows or micro and macro structural defects on the surface or within the internal structure, these factors are more accentuated in brittle material and are responsible for unexpected fractures at stress much below ultimate strength. The stress higher when the flow is perpendicular to direction of tensile stress and flows on the surface accumulated higher stresses

Areas of high stress concentration are caused by following factors

1) Surface flows i.e. voids are inclusions
2) Interior flows i.e. voids or inclusions
3) A sharp internal angle at the pulpal axial angle of a tooth preparation for an amalgam or composite restoration
4) A large difference in elastic modulus or thermal expansion coefficient across a bonded interface
5) Hertzian load i.e. applied at a point on a brittle material

There are several waysto minimize these stress concentrations, thus reduce the risk of clinical fracture
1) The surface can be polished to reduce the depth of the flow
2) Internal line angles of tooth preparation should be wel rounded to minimize the risk of cosp fracture
3) The materials must be closely matched in their coefficient of expansion or contraction
4) The cusp tip of an opposing crown or tooth should be well rounded distribute stress over a larger area for brittle materials
Mechanical properties of tooth structure and mastication forces

The mechanical properties of enamel and dentin varies one type of tooth to another, within individual teeth than between teeth and position of tooth.
That is cuspal enamel is stronger than enamel on other surfaces of tooth stronger under longitudinal compression than lateral compression

On the other hand, Dentin is considerably stronger in tension (50MPa) than enamel (10MPa), compressive strength of enamel and dentin are comparable the proportional limit and modulus of elasticity of enamel are higher than dentin

Mastication forces :
Mastication or bitting forces varies mankedly varies from one area of the mouth to another and from one individual to another.
For the molar

Bibe force range from: 400 to 890N (90 to 200 pounds)
Premolar area : 222 to 445N (50 to 100 pounds)
Cuspid region : 133 to 334N (30 to 75 pounds)
Incisor region : 89 to 111N (20 to 55 pounds)

Generally higher metals than and greater in beyond adults than in children


Conclusion:
As we have seen there are various properties governing the performance of the material. Different properties make to particular material more suitable for a given situation for example Higher strength in posterior restoration Better electivity is required in cast restorations.

Thus, a through knowledge and in-depth understanding of these mechanical properties will help us to select and deliver the most suitable material for every situation.
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I have listed a few simple steps to help prevent gingivitis and periodontal disease as a reminder to all of our patients.

 

STEP 1.  When normally healthy, pink, and firm gums become red, swollen, and spongy, you have a problem -- a problem called gingivitis. If the condition becomes severe enough, it can lead to periodontal disease -- a deterioration of the teeth and bone that anchor the teeth. So the first step in combating gingivitis is to make sure you’re brushing twice a day, flossing once a day, and visiting a dentist at least twice a year for a checkup and cleaning.

 

STEP 2.  When you brush your teeth, make sure you’re working it for at least two minutes. Most dentists suggest spending 30 seconds on each quadrant of your mouth.

 

STEP 3.  When it comes to germs, your tongue can be like Velcro, so brushing it along with your gums and teeth will not only help keep your breath fresher, but will reduce the chance that bacteria, viruses, or fungi find harbor in your mouth.

 

STEP 4.  Next, make the most out of your flossing time. Floss between every tooth, all the way down to the edge of the gum line at least once a day.

 

STEP 5.  Finally, use an ADA-approved antimicrobial mouth rinse to finish off your routine. If these steps don’t keep gingivitis away, you’ll need to see a dentist right away. He or she may need to perform a more extensive cleaning or provide you with a prescription dental rinse, or both.

 

Cary Feuerman, DMD

Periodontal Associates

Source:  American Dental Association

 

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Rotting teeth. Diseased lungs. A corpse of a smoker.

Nine new warning labels featuring graphic images that convey the dangers of smoking will be required by the Food and Drug Administration to be on U.S. cigarette packs by 2012. Other images include a man with a tracheotomy smoking and a mother holding a baby with smoke swirling around them. The labels will include phrases like “Smoking can kill you” and “Cigarettes cause cancer.”

The labels, which the FDA released in late June, 2011, are a part of the most significant change to U.S. cigarette packs in 25 years. They’re aimed at curbing tobacco use, which is responsible for about 443,000 deaths in the U.S. a year.

The labels will take up the top half — both front and back — of a pack of cigarettes and each will include a national quit smoking hotline number. Warning labels also must appear in advertisements and constitute 20 percent of an ad. Cigarette makers have until the fall of 2012 to comply.

“These kind of graphic warning labels strengthen the understanding of people about the health risks of smoking,” FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg said in an interview with The Associated Press. “We clearly have to renew a national conversation around these issues and enhance awareness.”

Mandates to introduce new graphic warning labels were part of a law passed in 2009 that, for the first time, gave the federal government authority to regulate tobacco, including setting guidelines for marketing and labeling, banning certain products and limiting nicotine. The announcement follows reviews of scientific literature, public comments and results from an FDA-contracted study of 36 labels proposed last November.

The legality of the new labels is part of a pending federal lawsuit filed by Winston-Salem, N.C.-based Reynolds American Inc., parent company of America’s second-largest cigarette maker, R.J. Reynolds; No. 3 cigarette maker, Greensboro, N.C.-based Lorillard Inc.; and others.

Tobacco makers in the lawsuit have argued the warnings would relegate the companies’ brands to the bottom half of the cigarette packaging, making them “difficult, if not impossible, to see.”

A spokesman for Richmond, Va.-based Altria Group Inc., parent company of the nation’s largest cigarette maker, Philip Morris USA, said the company was looking at the final labels but would not comment further.

In recent years, more than 30 countries or jurisdictions have introduced labels similar to those being introduced by the FDA. The U.S. first mandated the use of warning labels stating “Cigarettes may be hazardous to your health” in 1965. Current warning labels — a small box with black and white text — were put on cigarette packs in the mid-1980s.

The FDA says the new labels will “clearly and effectively convey the health risks of smoking” aimed at encouraging current smokers to quit and discouraging nonsmokers and youth from starting to use cigarettes.

“These labels are frank, honest and powerful depictions of the health risks of smoking,” Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a statement.

American Cancer Society CEO John R. Seffrin applauded the new labels in a statement, saying they have the potential to “encourage adults to give up their deadly addiction to cigarettes and deter children from starting in the first place.”

The new labels come as the share of Americans who smoke has fallen dramatically since 1970, from nearly 40 percent to about 20 percent. The rate has stalled since about 2004. About 46 million adults in the U.S. smoke cigarettes.

It’s unclear why declines in smoking have stalled. Some experts have cited tobacco company discount coupons on cigarettes or lack of funding for programs to discourage smoking or to help smokers quit.

While it is impossible to say how many people quit because of the labels, various studies suggest the labels do spur people to quit. The new labels offer the opportunity for a pack-a-day smoker to see graphic warnings on the dangers of cigarettes more than 7,000 times per year.

The FDA estimates the new labels will reduce the number of smokers by 213,000 in 2013, with smaller additional reductions through 2031.

Tobacco use costs the U.S. economy nearly $200 billion annually in medical costs and lost productivity, the FDA said. Tobacco companies spend about $12.5 billion annually on cigarette advertising and promotion, according to the latest data from the Federal Trade Commission.

The World Health Organization said in a survey done in countries with graphic warning labels that a majority of smokers noticed the warnings and more than 25 percent said the warnings led them to consider quitting.

While some have voiced concerns over the hard-hitting nature of some of the labels, those concerns should be trumped by the government’s responsibility to warn people about the dangers of smoking, said David Hammond, a health behavior researcher at the University of Waterloo in Canada, who worked with the firm designing the labels for the FDA.

“This isn’t about doing what’s pleasant for people. It’s about fulfilling the government’s mandate if they’re going to allow these things to be sold,” Hammond said. “What’s bothering people is the risk associated with their behavior, not the warnings themselves.”

In places like Canada, Hammond said smokers offended by some of the images on cigarettes packs there started asking for different packs when they received ones with certain gory images, or used a case to cover them up. But smokers said those warnings still had an effect on them.

Canada introduced similar warning labels in 2000. Since then, its smoking rates have declined from about 26 percent to about 20 percent. How much the warnings contributed to the decline is unclear because the country also implemented other tobacco control efforts.

 

Your comments are appreciated.

 

Cary Feuerman, DMD

Periodontal Associates

 

Source: New Haven Register

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Looking For a Dentist in Inglewood?

If you’re looking for a dentist in Inglewood, browsing through telephone directories or searching on Google are good ways to find some.  However, it’s vital that you zero in on the right person to be your family dentist. There are several dentists in and around Inglewood but before you select one of them for your family, there are several things you should consider:

 

1.)    Make sure that the dentist you choose is someone everyone in your family is comfortable with. If you have children or aging parents you will need someone who will be patient and gentle with them and at the same time be proficient in the treatment they require.  

2.)    Most dentists in Inglewood are clean and hygienic. They keep their reception areas and surgical rooms sterile and use gloves and sterilized equipment. The best family dentists also ensure that their staff, hygienists and dental assistants maintain high standards of hygiene too.

3.)    The field of dentistry is growing every day. Innovative inventions that improve dental techniques are being made. Make the dentist you select is motivated and keeps in touch with the latest advancements.

4.)    When it comes to choosing a family dentist, look for someone who will not hesitate to give you a complete explanation of what they are doing with your teeth.

 

5.)    Lastly, most good dentists in Inglewood are known to allow flexible payment options. In case the dental work you require is not covered by insurance, make sure the dentist you have in mind will allow you to pay in installments.

 

Once you have narrowed on a few family dentists, it would be best to ask your friends if they know them. Most dentists in Inglewood willingly offer trial appointments. Use this as an opportunity to see what kind of treatment you receive in their care.

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Do you know what's lurking on your toothbrush?

Your toothbrush is loaded with germs, say researchers at England's University of Manchester. They've found that one uncovered toothbrush can harbor more than 100 million bacteria, including E. coli bacteria, which can cause diarrhea, and staphylococci ("Staph") bacteria that cause skin infections.

But don't panic. Your mouth wasn't exactly sterile to begin with.

Mouthful of Bacteria

"The bottom line is, there [are] hundreds of microorganisms in our mouths every day," says Gayle McCombs, RDH, MS, associate professor and director of the Dental Hygiene Research Center at Old Dominion University.

That's no big deal. Problems only start when there is an unhealthy balance of bacteria in the mouth. McCombs says.

"It's important to remember that plaque -- the stuff you're removing from your teeth -- is bacteria," says dentist Kimberly Harms, DDS, consumer advisor for the American Dental Association. "So you're putting bacteria on your toothbrush every time you brush your teeth."

Could Your Toothbrush Be Making You Sick?

Probably not. Regardless of how many bacteria live in your mouth, or have gotten in there via your toothbrush, your body's natural defenses make it highly unlikely that you're going to catch an infection simply from brushing your teeth.

"Fortunately, the human body is usually able to defend itself from bacteria," Harms says. "So we aren't aware of any real evidence that sitting the toothbrush in your bathroom in the toothbrush holder is causing any real damage or harm. We don't know that the bacteria on there are translating into infections."

Still, you should exercise some common sense about storing your toothbrush, including how close it is to the toilet.

Don't Brush Where You Flush

Most bathrooms are small. And in many homes, the toilet is pretty close to the bathroom sink where you keep your toothbrush.

Every toilet flush sends a spray of bacteria into the air. And you don't want the toilet spray anywhere near your open toothbrush.

"You don't store your plates and glasses by the toilet, so why would you want to place your toothbrush there?" McCombs says. "It's just common sense to store your toothbrush as far away from the toilet as possible."

You also wouldn't eat after going to the bathroom without first washing your hands. The same advice applies before brushing your teeth, McCombs says.

Toothbrush Storage Tips

Once you've moved your toothbrush away from the toilet, here are a few other storage tips to keep your brush as germ-free as possible:

  • Keep it rinsed. Wash off your toothbrush thoroughly with tap water every time you use it.
  • Keep it dry. "Bacteria love a moist environment," Harms says. Make sure your brush has a chance to dry thoroughly between brushings. Avoid using toothbrush covers, which can create a moist enclosed breeding ground for bacteria.
  • Keep it upright. Store your toothbrush upright in a holder, rather than lying it down.
  • Keep it to yourself. No matter how close you are to your sister, brother, spouse, or roommate, don't ever use their toothbrush. Don't even store your toothbrush side-by-side in the same cup with other people's brushes. Whenever toothbrushes touch, they can swap germs.

 

Do Toothbrush Sanitizers Really Work?

Various products pledge to sanitize your toothbrush. Some say they kill bacteria with heat or ultraviolet light, germ-killing sprays, or rinses. Others have built-in antibacterial bristles.

There's evidence that at least some of these products do effectively kill germs. But there's no real proof that using any toothbrush sanitizer will reduce your risk of getting sick.

If you choose to use one of these products, make sure that it has been reviewed by the FDA, which checks the validity of consumer health product marketing claims.

Remember that even the best products won't kill all the germs on your toothbrush. At best, they'll kill 99.9% of the germs.

That means if you have one million bacteria on your toothbrush to start, you'll still have about 1,000 remaining when you're finished sanitizing, Harms says.

Some websites recommend putting your toothbrush into the microwave oven or dishwasher to sanitize it. Although these methods will kill some of the bacteria, they will probably damage your toothbrush in the process. It's better to just buy disposable brushes and throw them out.

 

When to Toss Your Toothbrush

The best way to limit the bacteria on your toothbrush is to replace it on a regular basis.

The American Dental Association recommends throwing out your toothbrush every three to four months. If the bristles become frayed, you're sick, or you have a weak immune system, throw it out even more often. If you use an electric toothbrush, throw out the head as often as you'd discard a disposable toothbrush.

Every time you're tempted to skip brushing and flossing your teeth, remember how many bacteria lurk in your mouth - and what they can do.

"It's bacteria that cause gum disease, and decay, and bad breath," Harms says. "Make sure you're brushing and flossing as often as possible to eliminate some of those bacteria." Rinsing your mouth with an antibacterial mouthwash before you brush can also help eliminate bacteria before they can get onto your brush.

 

Article by Stephanie Watson

Source: KTVQ.com

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An interesting article by Pamela Babcock.

To make your teeth last a lifetime, don't do these things.

Teeth are tough -- their enamel is the hardest part of the body -- but they're no match for neglect, misuse, or abuse. Here are some surefire ways to find out how vulnerable your teeth are -- trust us, you don't want to do this:

1. Don’t Brush After Every Meal.

The ideal is to brush your teeth three times a day: after breakfast, lunch, and dinner. But if you do it too soon, you can scrub away tooth enamel that becomes softer in the acidic environment created in your mouth when you eat.

“Make sure you wait 30 to 60 minutes after each meal, which gives the acidity time to neutralize and the teeth time to remineralize," says Debra Gray King, DDS, FAACD, of the Atlanta Center for Cosmetic Dentistry.

Brushing too much, too hard, or with a hard-bristle brush can also erode your enamel. Brush gently, using circular strokes and a soft brush.

2. Forget About Flossing.

Flossing stimulates gum health by cleaning between the teeth and under the gum line. Gums bleed when you brush vigorously? That’s a sign of mild gingivitis, or inflammation of the gums, which can lead to tooth loss.

“You need to brush and floss your teeth every time you eat,” says Jeffrey Gross DDS, FAGD, a Cleveland dentist. “The longer food stays in contact with the teeth and the gums, the easier it is to create problems.”

3. Skip checkups.

Dentists recommend every six months, but most patients fail to comply. This allows plaque to form tatar, which attracts more plaque on its surface, carrying the plaque deeper within the gums. This can weaken supporting structures, such as bone.

“The sooner you find issues, the easier and a lot less expensive they will be to address,” King says.

4. Use Your Teeth as Tools.

Chomping ice and hard candy, not to mention popping off bottle caps and ripping open potato chip bags, can crack or break your teeth.

“People tend to do some wild things with their teeth,” King says. She recalls a patient in her 50s who habitually gripped the ropes of her sailboat’s mast between her teeth. 

Over time, the woman’s natural teeth had worn to the point she needed porcelain veneers. Find a bottle opener or pair of scissors. And if you’re sailing, use your hands.

5. Ditch the Mouthguard.

The Academy of General Dentistry (AGD) recommends mouthguards for many athletes. 

“Anytime there is a strong chance for contact with other participants or hard surfaces, it is advisable to wear a mouthguard. Players who participate in basketball, softball, football, wrestling, soccer, lacrosse, rugby, in-line skating, and martial arts, as well as recreational sports such as skateboarding and bicycling, should wear mouthguards while competing,” the AGD’s web site states. 

6. Grind Away.

Some people clench or grind their teeth when bored, lifting something heavy or stressed; others do it while they sleep. Tooth-to-tooth clenching can wear down teeth and “make you look 10 to 20 years older,” King says.

Grinding also paves the way for cavities. “Aside from causing pressure and fractures, grinding wears away the top layer of enamel and the lower levels of enamel beyond the dentin, which can lead to decay,” Gross says. Can’t stop? Get fitted for a mouthguard.

7. Guzzle Soda, Sports Drinks, and Fruit Juices.

Soda and sports drinks often have either too much sugar or, in the case of diet soda, too much acid. Fruit juices often contain sugar but compared to soda and sports drinks, are “a healthier choice” and water is even better yet, Gross says. 

8. Drink Lots of Red Wine, Coffee, or Tea.

The surface of stained teeth is like sandpaper and attracts more bacteria, which can indirectly lead to tooth decay.

As wine editor for Dish magazine, Yvonne Lorkin of Christchurch, New Zealand, tastes thousands of wines each year. At 37, she spends more on dental upkeep than people twice her age.

“The constant onslaught of acid on my enamel is an occupational hazard, I guess, as we're swilling the wines around in our mouths rather than just swallowing,” Lorkin tells WebMD in an email interview. 

Aside from cutting back, Gross recommends using a straw, when possible, so staining liquids bypass your teeth.

9. Whiten Too Often.

Chronic whitening or failing to follow instructions can lead to gum irritation and increased tooth sensitivity. Desensitizing toothpaste can help. 

If you have very sensitive teeth, gum disease, or worn enamel, “your dentist may discourage whitening,” says Charles H. Perle, DMD, FAGD, a dentist in Jersey City, N.J. and a spokesman for the AGD. Check before starting any whitening treatment.

10. Drink Bottled Water.

Most bottled water has little or no fluoride and most home filtration systems filter much of it out. Stick with fluoridated tap water since it’s “the most cost-effective way to prevent cavities and fight tooth decay,” Perle says. If your water isn’t fluoridated, your dentist may prescribe fluoride supplements.

11. Get Your Tongue Pierced.

When you speak, your tongue moves to make certain sounds and consequently “you’re jamming the metal piercing into your teeth,” Gross says. Fractured teeth may require veneers or crowns in a patient who otherwise doesn’t have other issues.

Jason Lazarus, CEO of Gadgets and Gear in Hauppauge, N.Y., got his tongue pierced and admits he played with it “all the time.” Lazarus says he was shocked when X-rays showed his front teeth “dramatically shaved and chipped” and immediately took his tongue ring out.

“I didn’t want my teeth to get worse,” Lazarus says. He has since spent $2,000 on laminates for his two front upper teeth.

12. Be Bulimic.

Bulimia, which is characterized by bingeing and vomiting, can cause significant dental problems because of the stomach acids. 

“The enamel is usually just kind of worn off, mostly on the front teeth, but even going to the back teeth,” King says. If the damage is done, you may need restorations.

13. Abuse Drugs Such as “Meth."

Crystal methamphetamine, an illegal and highly addictive stimulant, can wreak havoc on your mouth. Users often crave sugary foods and drinks, clench their teeth, and have dry mouth. Telltale signs of “meth mouth” are rampant decay with blackened teeth on the verge of falling out.

“People on methamphetamines are notorious for not taking care of themselves,” Gross says. “By the time the patient is 25 or 30, they are looking at a full set of dentures.”

14. Chronically Use Some Legal Medications.

Oral contraceptives change a woman’s hormonal balance and can lead to chronic gum disease.

“Once they get off the medication, the damage is often done,” Gross says. Some over-the-counter cough medications have lots of sugar, and antihistamines can cause dry mouth, which can lead to decay since saliva protects the teeth.

15. Continue Lighting Up.

Smoking is bad for teeth and gums. Stains make teeth more susceptible to bacteria. It’s also a factor in the development of periodontal or gum and bone disease. 

“The smoke impedes the ability of the gum tissue to maintain a healthy state and fight off disease-creating bacteria,” Gross says. “Almost half of the people who are over 60 who wear dentures are smokers.”

 

Comments are appreciated!

 

Cary Feuerman, DMD

Periodontal Associates

 

Source:  WebMD

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I came across an interesting article by Laura Landro in the Wall Street Journal.

A sharp rise in a type of throat cancer among men is increasingly being linked to HPV, the sexually transmitted human papillomavirus that can cause cervical cancer in women.  A new study from the National Cancer Institute warns that if recent trends continue, the number of HPV-positive oral cancers among men could rise by nearly 30% by 2020. At that rate, it could surpass that of cervical cancers among women, which are expected to decline as a result of better screening.  The study was recently presented at the annual American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting. 

Between 1988 and 2004, the researchers found, the incidence of HPV-positive oropharynx cancers—those that affect the back of the tongue and tonsil area—increased by 225%. Anil Chaturvedi, a National Cancer Institute investigator who led the research, estimates there were approximately 6,700 cases of HPV-positive oropharynx cancers in 2010, up from 4,000 to 4,500 in 2004, and cases are projected to increase 27% to 8,500 in 2020.

Recent studies show about 25% of mouth and 35% of throat cancers are caused by HPV, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Men account for the majority of cases, and currently the highest prevalence is in men 40 to 55, says Eric Genden, chief of head and neck oncology at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York. Studies have shown that the cancer can show up 10 years after exposure to HPV, which has become the most common sexually transmitted virus in the U.S.

"We are sitting at the cusp of a pandemic," says Dr. Genden.

Dr. Chaturvedi says more studies are needed to evaluate whether a vaccine now used to prevent HPV for genital warts and genital and anal cancers can prevent oral HPV infections.

The HPV vaccine, Gardasil, made by Merck & Co., was approved in 2006 for girls and young women up to age 26, but while it is routinely recommended, only about 27% of girls have received all three doses needed to confer protection.

The FDA in 2009 approved the vaccine for males ages 9 through 26 to reduce the risk of genital warts, and in 2010 approved it for both sexes for the prevention of anal cancers. However, the CDC has only a "permissive" recommendation for boys, rather than a routine recommendation, meaning doctors generally will only administer it if parents or patients ask for it, says Michael Brady, chairman of the American Academy of Pediatrics infectious disease committee.

Lauri Markowitz, a CDC medical epidemiologist, says the CDC advisory committee that sets vaccine recommendations will review new data related to the issue at a meeting next month. However, at present there aren't any clinical-trial data showing the effectiveness of the vaccine against oral infections, she says.

A Merck spokeswoman says the company has no plans to study the potential of Gardasil to prevent these cancers.

Researchers say it isn't clear why men are at higher risk for HPV-positive oral cancers. But for both men and women a high lifetime number of sex partners is associated with the cancer.

Changes in sexual behaviors that include increased practice of oral sex are associated with the increase, but a 2007 New England Journal of Medicine article also said engagement in casual sex, early age at first intercourse, and infrequent use of condoms each were associated with HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer. Mouth-to-mouth contact through kissing can't be ruled out as a transmission route.

Most infections don't cause symptoms and go away on their own. But HPV can cause genital warts and warts in the throat, and has been associated with vaginal, vulvar and anal cancers.

Anna Giuliano, chairwoman of the department of cancer epidemiology at the Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa, Fla., who studies oral HPV infections of men in several countries, says the rise in cancers among men shows it is important for males, as well as girls, to be vaccinated.

Doctors typically don't test for HPV-positive oral cancers. But Jonathan Aviv, director of the voice and swallowing center at New York's ENT and Allergy Associates, says his group looks through a miniature camera inserted through the nose at the back of the throat and tongue, and can biopsy suspicious warts or tumors.

In addition to being asked about symptoms such as hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, a neck mass or mouth sore that won't heal, patients are asked to fill out a risk-assessment sheet that includes the number of lifetime oral-sex partners. "People do get upset sometimes, but if your sexual history puts you at an increased risk for HPV, you should go and see an ear, nose and throat doctor," says Dr. Aviv.

Fortunately, says Mount Sinai's Dr. Genden, those with HPV-positive oral cancers have a disease survival rate of 85% to 90% over five years, higher than those with oral cancers that aren't linked to HPV, but are more commonly linked to alcohol use, tobacco, and radiation exposure.

 

Source:  WSJ Online

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The American obsession with dental hygiene has taken an ironic turn over the past decade. In an attempt to have the bright, white, healthy-looking smile of the stars, many consumers are bleaching their teeth into oblivion.  Dentists call this addiction to whitening "bleachorexia," calling the overbleachers "bleach junkies." Such patients abuse in-office and at home bleaching agents, leaving teeth eroded, prone to sensitivity and extremely unhealthy, despite their pearly white exteriors.

 

"The media has done a good job of making whitening sound innocuous, but it's not," says Dr. Ira Handschuh, a White Plains, N.Y., dentist. Carbamide peroxide, the whitening agent in most bleaches, can irritate the gums, causing them to recede, making the teeth brittle, chalky and so thin as to be translucent at the edges when the product is overused.

Lyndsey Gurowitz, 28, has been bleaching her teeth for the past decade with a combination of professional bleaching trays tailor made for her teeth, at-home whitening kits and a few sessions at a "bleaching spa."

 

"Whenever I thought my teeth weren't up to par, I'd do another bleaching. I would use the product for the prescribed amount of time, but then they say to do it only once a month and I would just kind of do it whenever I was unhappy with the color," says Gurowitz, who lives in New York.  "I think it's a level of hygiene. I don't want my teeth to look dirty, or like I don't take care of them. I think I'm being realistic -- I don't want them to look like Chiclets," she says.

 

After her dentist told her she was losing the enamel on her teeth, she was given a special, more gentle toothbrush and she started using special toothpaste for sensitive teeth, but she continues to bleach regularly. The bleaching trays, designed to fit snugly on her teeth, are now too large, possibly due to the wearing down of her teeth by the bleach, says Dr. Jennifer Jablow, Gurowitz's dentist.  "For some people, their teeth are never white enough, so they'll do anything to brighten," says Jablow, who coined the term "bleachorexic" back in 2005. Ironically, beyond making teeth weak and prone to decay, overbleaching can actually strip away the protective enamel allowing the underbody of the teeth, which is naturally more yellow in color, to show through.

 

When someone is a bleaching junkie, you can spot it right away, says Dr. Irwin Smigel, founder and current president of the American Society for Dental Aesthetics. "It's not everybody, but we see it often enough that it bothers me. Enamel doesn't grow back. Sometimes we have to put crowns or veneers on when the teeth have become too damaged," he says.

 

Bleaching in the Time of the Bard

Whitening strips and bleach trays may be an invention of the past 30 years, but techniques for teeth whitening go back centuries. In the 1100s, physicians would recommend scrubbing teeth with elecampane (a yellow flower) or a sage and salt mixture to make "them firm, white and healthy" or "clean, white, and sweet," Trevor Anderson, an osteoarchaeologist, notes in a 2004 paper on medieval dentistry.  Later on, some would use acid washes in an attempt to strip away stains, but unfortunately, these rinses mostly stripped away all the enamel on the teeth, leaving them crumbling, says Dr. Scott Swank, curator of the National Museum of Dentistry in Baltimore.  It wasn't until the advent of Hollywood and Technicolor movies that there was widespread interest in whitening teeth, usually through whitening toothpastes, he says. Enter the 1980s and in-office bleaching treatments, and it only took off from there, Swank says.  "I think it's followed the rise in plastic surgery and other elective cosmetic procedures throughout the 1990s. It's a matter of what people are willing to put their income into."

 

Bright White or Bust

Today, Americans spend more than a billion dollars a year just on over-the-counter teeth-whitening products, according to the American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry. While bleaching can be done safely, especially under the guidance of a dentist, the advent of at-home bleaching kits and spa bleaching treatments have made it all too easy for bleaching junkies to double up or triple up on treatments at the expense of their dental health.

"Bleaching is very effective in moderation, and it's safe in moderation," says Dr. Jablow. "It's when you're bleaching all the time, beyond what is recommended -- that's when you run into problems."

 

Source:  ABC News/Health

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Why Teeth Extraction is Necessary?

Tooth extractions can be defined as the removal of a tooth from its bone socket. The dentist is always trying to save the tooth, but could not be in a situation where a tooth is extracted.

 

In the early days of the history of many human diseases have been attributed to dental infections. As there were no antibiotics in the days of a tooth extraction was carried out to cure the disease. Different tools were used to extract the tooth at different points in time. The first was invented by Guy de Chauliac in the fourteenth century and was known as the dental pelican. This has been the main tool used to Century 18 in the dental pelican key that replaces a tooth extraction tool. dental key is replaced by modern forceps in the 20th century and is the main tool used today to extract the tooth. Dental extractions are very variable and facilitate different types of extractions from a wide variety of instruments are used.

 

Reasons for Tooth Extraction

 

Generally, when a tooth or tooth loss caused by damage to tooth decay dentist trying to fix a tooth by different means-such as the filling, crown repair, etc. However, there are times when a tooth is damaged, so it can not be repaired, and in these circumstances has no choice as distinguished from a tooth. This is the most common cause of tooth extraction. Also, many diseases and medications require the extraction of a tooth, because it weakens the immune system and cause infection of the tooth. These are - anti-cancer agents, tooth decay, gum disease, teeth, in addition, a broken tooth, organ transplantation, orthodontic treatment, radiotherapy, and wisdom teeth.

 

Types of Extraction

 

There are two types of tooth extractions - simple and surgical.

 

simple extractions * - these are performed on teeth that are visible from outside the mouth and can be easily done by general dentists. The dentist gives him an injection of local anesthetic before removing the tooth.

 

  • Surgical Extractions - these are performed on teeth that are not easily accessible, which could occur if the teeth are broken under the gum line or partially erupted teeth. In such cases, the surgeon must cut and remove gum and providing access to remove a piece of bone or tooth. surgical extractions require oral surgeon specialist.

Prefetching considerations

 

Before tooth extraction dental surgeon or dentist about your medical and dental x-rays can also make the affected area. He may also prescribe antibiotics if you have an infected tooth, a weak immune system or medical problems.

 

After removal considerations

 

  • For simple extractions to your dentist can prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen without prescription.

  • For surgical extractions, your dentist can prescribe pain medication for a few days to see NSAIDs.

  • * Once the tooth is extracted the dentist bite off a piece of gauze to facilitate clotting and should not disturb this clot in the wound.

  • You must use ice packs must be swelling after surgery. Use hot compresses when the jaw is rigid.

  • * Most items will disappear in a week or two. rinse with warm salt water can dissolve the stitches. remaining items will be removed by your dentist.

  • * Do not smoke or spit after surgery, which could remove the clot away from the tooth and increase blood flow and cause dry socket.

Risk factors

 

Risk factors due to the extraction of teeth - infection, prolonged bleeding, inflammation, alveolitis, nerve damage, damage to the teeth, incomplete removal, jaw broken, and the hole in the sinuses, sore jaw muscles or joints and numbness in his lower lip.

 

Pune Dentist gives more details about the reasons for Tooth Extractions and risk factors.

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Methods of Teeth Bleeching

When it comes to tooth whitening, there are many ways for you to whiten your teeth. many teeth whitening products are available on the market, such as teeth whitening strips, whitening gel, whitening and bleaching, a dentist with a toothbrush and the recipes at home for whitening teeth. You can always take the help of the general dentist teeth bleaching.

 

A simple and easy way to whiten teeth is to brush 2-3 times daily. This will undoubtedly enhance the color of your teeth. If you want to go perfect teeth whitening product or procedure put in place, be sure to follow the advice of others or dentists. Most of the population in general, depends on two factors in the choice of tooth whitening products. These two factors are the specifications and budget. An affordable way of teeth bleaching treatment at home, sometimes even provides immediate results.

 

When it comes to a whitening treatment at home, you should know that this treatment can be done more damage to teeth, in the long term. Often ruin the enamel of the teeth at the same time due to the hypersensitive. Therefore, it is always advisable to speak or consult your dentist before using any whitening treatment at home, such as bleach. In general, whitening strips or contain peroxide, which does not remove the stains of oxidation of it. Teeth Bleeching products contain peroxide generally show immediate results, which demonstrate the cause sensitivity to teeth. It & is so important that you can find teeth whitening product that is right concentration of peroxide, so that no damage to teeth.

 

One way to whiten teeth is with the help of a dentist. Process of whitening teeth dentist usually involves two steps. First, you will have a treatment in practice and is treated at home. The process in practice of tooth whitening at the dentist begins the examination of the condition of the teeth. Later, the protective materials are placed on the upper lip and gum for the chlorine will not hurt them. After applying the bleaching solution, which is activated by laser light to accelerate the process. This usually takes an hour to see positive results.

 

 

Another way to whiten teeth with a dentist whitening kits. In the latter case, the dentist may recommend a bleach solution and on the whole with the appropriate instructions on what to do. In general, the tank should be taken by the patient's teeth so that once applied the gel and put on the shelf, it fits perfectly. This method of Teeth Bleaching will work in 2-3 weeks. Pune Dentist can give you a more better information.

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After Tooth Extractions

After Tooth Extractions, it is important to form blood clots to stop bleeding and start the healing process. Therefore, your dentist will ask you to bite a piece of gauze for 30 to 45 minutes after extraction. If bleeding or oozing continues after you remove the gauze bandage, gauze, place an area and bite firmly for another 30 minutes. You may need to do this several times.

 

After the blood clot forms, it is important to protect, in particular for the next 24 hours. It is important not to:

 

o smoke and chew tobacco

o drinking alcohol

o suck through a straw

o rinse your mouth vigorously

o clean the teeth next to the extraction site

 

These activities will reap the clot and delay healing.

 

Limit yourself to calm activities for the first 24 hours. This keeps your blood pressure, reduces bleeding and helps the healing process.

 

After the tooth is extracted you may feel some pain and swelling. You can use an ice pack (20 minutes, 20 minutes off) to keep this to a minimum. The inflammation usually begins to decline after 48 hours.

 

To control discomfort, take pain medication as recommended. Do not take medication on an empty stomach or nausea may cause. If antibiotics are prescribed, continue to take for the prescribed time, even if all the signs and symptoms of infection have disappeared. In addition:

 

o Drink lots of fluids.

o Eat only soft, nutritious foods on the day of the extraction.

o Don't use alcoholic beverages.

o Avoid hot and spicy foods.

 

You can begin eating normally the next day, or if not before then, as soon as it is comfortable. Rinse your mouth with warm salt water three times a day (put a teaspoon of salt in one cup of warm water, then rinse gently swish and spit). Also, rinse gently after meals. This will keep the food off site.

 

It is very important to continue with normal dental routine after 24 hours. This should include brushing your teeth and tongue and flossing at least once a day. This will accelerate the healing process and helps keep your breath fresh and mouth. Call the dental office immediately if you have heavy bleeding, severe pain, continued swelling after two or three days, or reactions to medications. After a few days, you will feel good and can continue to function normally.

 

Dry socket is an infection in your socket after a tooth is extracted. The disease usually develops when a blood clot does not fit, or if the clot breaks off. It is occurs in about 5 percent of all Tooth Extractions.

 

Normally, promoting blood clot that forms after a tooth is removed from healing, on the basis of new bone growth. When dry socket occurs, the clot of blood lost and the infected, inflamed socket appears empty - hence the name. Nerves are exposed, and sometimes the bone is visible in the empty pedestal.

 

You may not have symptoms until 3-5 days after extraction. Then, the disease is manifested by pain persists, often accompanied by what looks like an earache. You may also have an unpleasant taste in the mouth and bad breath. Call your dentist immediately if you notice any symptoms of dry socket. Treatment of dry socket typically includes a gentle rinse of making and dressing to take sedatives.

 

Pune Dentist can give you more better information.

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Teeth Whitening Tips for You

There are so many kinds of products for teeth whitening and systems available on the market today. A person can have various possibilities how he can turn to teeth whitening. He may choose to go to the dental clinic to get various types of courses procedures.Of teeth whitening, we would have to pay a portion of the money for it. A person who desires to have nicer teeth can also choose to use home tooth whitening products and systems. Now, whatever the approach of a person intends to use is an advantage that he knows not proved more effective tips to whiten your teeth at home and avoid new stains and darker .

 

A person who wants to get whiter teeth is to know more about the concept of teeth whitening and tooth colored. Before the success of bleach or whiten your teeth, it is important that you learn first in a number of factors that lead to tooth staining and color. Some factors influencing this are the person's age, diet, genetics, smoking, alcohol and personal dental hygiene. When a person is in use the teeth whitening system, you stick a good plan until the desired color of the teeth is satisfied.

 

The first piece of advice essential for achieving whiter teeth are starting to avoid foods and drinks can cause tooth discoloration. We can use all the teeth whitening products out there, but if you do not know how to prevent dental coloring products, then he just looked over future costs with respect to whiten teeth. Some of the biggest causes of tooth discoloration and stains are the nicotine from cigarettes, cola drinks, coffee and tea. It would be better than smoking and drinking dark beverages are arrested. If these things can not be avoided, then the individual must learn to rinse your mouth after every time you drink or smoke colored drinks.

 

It is also essential that you know that teeth whitening natural elements that can be found at home. For example, if you have strawberries at home, can crush some pieces in place, rub on your teeth and rinse your mouth thoroughly afterwards. strawberry puree or crushed, when rubbed on the surface of the teeth, the teeth can have instant effects of money laundering. Sodium bicarbonate can also be used as the washing of the powerful capabilities. Can be used with pure water or combined with a few drops of lemon juice and salt. Once you create the mixture, the mixture should be rubbed on the teeth and then you get a fresh product instantly without bleaching.

 

Another important element that can help a person to have whiter teeth is water. Tap water can do a lot for someone who wants whiter teeth one at a time, to prevent staining of teeth. It is important to drink plenty of water, not only after every meal, but also after each meal. If you smoke, be sure to rinse your mouth with water after each smoking session. It is not only help food particles from the mouth, but you can also rinse your mouth colored liquid. With these tips, you can have whiter teeth without buying expensive teeth whitening products.

 

Are you looking for more information regarding teeth whitening? Visit Teeth Bleaching today!

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You have just found out that she is pregnant, but she just had a canal yesterday. Suddenly, she remembered what a friend told her about a main root canal, with negative effects on the child. She panicked and had to drive all the way back to ask his dentist for her situation. In general, midwives advised to delay any medical or dental procedure that may affect the developing fetus during pregnancy, even if the risk is minimal. However, it is not always easy to move Root canal treatment in the same way as the suspension of tooth whitening.

 

Potential risks of Root Canal Treatment at the time of pregnancy

 

A root canal is not really have a direct effect on the fetus during pregnancy. Although the film is necessary to examine the tooth, the radiation in question is minimal and x-rays are directed towards the mouth and not the abdomen. Other possible sources of risk associated with root canal treatment are: anesthesia. Dentists often use small amount of anesthesia to pregnant women. But if the dose is not sufficient to alleviate the pain of the patient, the dose may be increased gradually. As the tension of the dental procedure has a detrimental effect on the baby, additional anesthesia is preferable to allow the stress affects the baby. Or antibiotics. They are often prescribed by dentists to fight infection after dental procedure. However, they do not prescribe antibiotics that are safe for pregnant women.

 

How to be a safe treatment during pregnancy

 

When your dentist recommends a root canal, be sure to let you know you are pregnant. This allows you to make the right decisions about how and processing time. Often the first quarter is the most crucial. This is when the fetus begins to develop. If there is no need to rush in treatment may be postponed until the second trimester or after delivery. However, if treatment should be done immediately, inform the dentist of your situation will help the process as safe as possible.

 

 

Prevent Root Canal in Pregnancy

 

Pregnant women, like everyone else, need a balanced diet. It is then necessary to limit sugar intake as much as possible not only for health but also for the baby. In addition, maintaining good oral hygiene is necessary to prevent any dental problems throughout the pregnancy period. And if you have regular dental checkups during pregnancy, it is important not to lose. All this will help avoid the need for root canal treatment and maintaining safe and easy pregnancy.

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Good Dentist :- How to Find

Dental treatment almost always is not something most of us look forward. This is not the kind of appointments that we are most eager to participate. Often, we hope that the date will be moved or canceled. Dentists are probably the most feared among therapists. Children often behave like lambs sweet when they are told they should be sent to the dentist as punishment for misconduct. Most of us have been afraid of dentists since we were young. Often, we are committed to the dentist our family has known for years but it is also wise to evaluate if our dentist provides us with adequate treatment. Otherwise, it is probably best to seek new and better practitioner. Moving to a new location also presents the problem of finding a good dentist. In addition, many of us who do not have a dentist regularly.

 

How do you find a new dentist and good? Your first instinct may be to turn the yellow pages and let your fingers do the searching. Although most of us will do just that, finding a new dentist through the yellow pages and local dental societies are not very good ideas. They may have a complete list of dentists in the area, but they do not judge them, and do not give points for comparison. Instead, try these sources:

 

1.Check a dental school nearby. Dental schools are good sources of good dentists. You can call and request the names of faculty members in office.

 

2.Check the hospitals and health centers that provide dental services in your area. The dentist is responsible for these structures could give good recommendations. The dentist is responsible for the well-known reputation, and presentations to his colleagues who practice in the area.

 

3.You can ask an orthodontist or a periodontist if you know. They will be able to recommend a good doctor. These specialists should be familiar with the type of dental work to contractors.

 

4.If you move to a new location, you can ask your current dentist if he knows a good dentist in your new location.

 

Your new dentist must carry out a preventive approach. This means that your first visit, he will conduct a medical and dental history with a full head and neck examination. Head and neck exam is usually done on the patient is first visit and every 6 months thereafter.

 

Your dentist should give you sufficient knowledge of how to take care of your teeth and perform good oral hygiene. These are preventive measures in the fight against tooth decay and other dental problems.

 

Your dentist should be invited back for regular checkups. This will ensure that no problems can not be controlled. The dental hygienist must perform oral prophylaxis or brushing your teeth after every six months.

 

Your dentist should take x-rays more responsibly. complete set of X-rays should not take more than once every five years or more. Do not take X-rays, the other is as bad as X-rays too often.

 

Your dentist and dental hygienist must practice proper care against infections. Should wear rubber gloves and a mask in the treatment of their patients. Your dentist should be bright, explaining all the procedures of the health clinic is the implementation and or use for patients and protect themselves from unwanted infections. Finding a good dentist is not so difficult if you know how to handle it.

 

Pune Dentist Your Independent Dental guide

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Sinus Augmentation

Poor oral function and inferior self-esteem are just a couple of the many difficulties associated with tooth loss. Complete or partial dentures, often the solution to the problem of tooth loss, may not restore oral function completely because of poor fit due to jaw bone deterioration. Bridges, often the solution to single tooth loss, have their drawbacks too, because placing a bridge requires the teeth surrounding the missing tooth to be ground down and compromised.

To improve the aesthetics and function of tooth replacement, dental implants were developed and have gained popularity in recent years. Dental implants are titanium “screws” which are placed in the jawbone replacing the root of the lost tooth. Dental implants provide an alternative to standard removable complete and partial dentures and bridges while improving chewing function almost completely.

The Problem

In order to be a candidate for the dental implant placement procedure, a patient must have sufficient bone height and width to support the titanium post or artificial tooth root. Unfortunately, if a patient has been without a tooth or teeth for a prolonged period of time, the bone that once supported the teeth becomes weakened and deteriorates, resulting in a lack of bone height to sustain a dental implant. This is especially true when tooth loss occurs in the maxillary (upper) jaw bone. Because the maxilla rests against the sinus, when bone loss occurs, the sinus expands to fill the space once occupied by jaw bone.

The Solution

To solve this issue, sinus augmentation (lift) procedures have been developed allowing bone in the upper jaw to be regenerated providing ample space to place a dental implant. The sinus lift procedure, invented in the mid 1970′s has been refined and is now frequently successfully performed. Different versions of the sinus lift procedure have evolved over time, each successful in different cases.

Successful, predictable dental implant placement in the posterior maxilla typically requires a minimum of 10mm of vertical bone height. Moreover, bone density in the posterior maxilla is often poor, which could lead to complications during implant fixation. To address these problems, maxillary sinus elevation surgery was developed to increase the amount of bone available for implant placement and has proven successful and become popular, allowing patients with insufficient bone to undergo dental implant surgery. The type of sinus augmentation that a surgeon chooses to use on a given patient depends on the surgeon’s preference as well as patient anatomy.

Types of Sinus Augmentation (Lift) Procedures:

The Lateral Window Technique (LWT)

Implant placement can be performed simultaneously with the sinus elevation procedure or following a healing period that can last 6-9 months. Immediate placement during sinus elevation reduces overall healing time and eliminates another surgical procedure, which can be desirable to patients. The decision to place an implant during sinus augmentation is dependent on the presence of adequate bone volume and quality to provide for initial stability of the implant. Rosen and colleagues (1999) recommended at least 5mm of native bone for immediate implant placement during sinus augmentation. However, more recent studies have found that implant stability can be achieved with less than 5mm (Peleg 2006).

 

Lateral Window Sinus Augmentation: The lateral approach involves a modified Caldwell-Luc operation to gain access to the sinus cavity. A bony window is created in the lateral maxillary wall, the Schneiderian membrane is elevated, and bone grafting material is a combination of autogenous bone and allograft. An absorbable collagen membrane is placed between the bone graft and the membrane as well as over the bony window.

This technique is usually the preferred method of sinus elevation in situations of poor bone quality and minimal residual bone height because it allows for direct visualization and accurate bone placement and volume at the position of the implant. Also, tearing of the membrane can be easily treated, minimizing contamination of the graft during healing.

The Crestal Core Elevation (CCE)

The Crestal Core or Crestal Window Elevation technique is an alternative to the traditional Lateral Window technique typically used in Sinus Elevation surgeries. While usually successful, the Lateral Window technique may cause patients to withstand post-operative pain, bruising and swelling. This limitation of the Lateral Window technique may be due to the “blind” nature of the procedure and the lack of visibility when the clinician is manipulating the Schneiderian Membrane and opening the sinus floor. To combat the associated post-op complications, the Crestal Core technique was developed.

The Crestal Core technique for sinus augmentation is reportedly less invasive than the lateral window technique. In an August 2010 study posted in the Journal of American Periodontology, 45 patients who had undergone the CCT were retrospectively evaluated over a 1-11 year period of time. The Crestal Core technique was successful in 31 of 45 sites (68.9%) and partially successful in 6 sites (13.3%). Surgical failures were reportedly due to core detachment which resulted in large tears of the sinus membrane. Implants placed in successful sites presented 100% survival rate during the duration of the study.

The conclusion was made that the Crestal Core Technique, when implemented simultaneously with molar extraction provided therapeutic benefits to the patient post-operatively. The subsequent dental implant placements using CCE showed a fantastic survival rate as well in the evaluated population.

The Crestal Window approach to sinus augmentation is simple, predictable technique which results in very low patient morbidity. It is, therefore, a suitable alternative to traditional sinus augmentation, giving clinicians a choice of techniques when approaching cases of varying degrees of difficulty and complication. The Crestal Core Technique may be the best option for elevating the sinus for many patients.

The Osteotome Technique (Summers Technique)

One of the more conservative methods of sinus elevation is the Osteotome or Summers Technique. This technique involves sinus elevation immediately followed by dental implant placement. During the osteotome technique, a tiny hole is made in the jaw bone and bone grafting material is inserted into the area between the sinus floor and the bone, increasing the distance between the sinus and the jaw. This technique allows for immediate implant placement and allows for shorter post-treatment waiting times. The Osteotome technique is considered one of the least invasive of the sinus augmentation techniques.

Osteotomes

Balloon Sinus Elevation

The minimally invasive Zimmer Sinus Lift Balloon allows for improved vertical sinus elevation results and gives clinicians added security when performing a traditional lateral wall sinus lift procedure — protecting the Schneiderian membrane from tearing, which can significantly disrupt an implant case. The balloon instrument is also well-suited for effectively measuring the required bone grafting material. For example, 1cc of saline, which is used to inflate the balloon, is equal to 1cc of grafting material.

 

 

 

The Zimmer Sinus Lift Balloon is available in three convenient, single-use configurations for optimum efficiency and ease-of-use. The angled design is ideal for lateral window procedures, the straight model is well suited for a crestal approach, and the popular micro-mini design can be used for either of these indications.

Conclusion

Numerous studies have shown that dental implant survival rate is higher in patients whose dental implants were placed in grafted sinuses than the dental implants placed without sinus lifts. The sinus augmentation procedure provides a way to increase the amount and quality of available bone and allows for the placement of longer implants, leading to increased stability. Many different techniques exist for effective bone augmentation below the sinus, a few of which were discussed earlier in this report. Which approach is used is largely dependent on the extent of the patient’s bone loss and the specific procedure that is slated to be performed for the dental implant and final restoration. Given the many options available for sinus augmentation, it stands to reason that only a highly trained dental specialist can decide which procedure is the most suitable option for proper, successful treatment.

If you enjoyed this article on maxillary sinus augmentations, there is a good chance you will like these articles from my blog as well:

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Planning is prepared? Expected to achieve accolades in the near future? If you have already programmed with your orthodontist or need help deciding which best suits the needs for treatment of orthodontic braces, you probably have some questions or concerns about the process of orthodontic treatment. Once you fully understand what to expect from your treatment and how to take good care of your teeth, you can reduce the uncertainty or questions you have about orthodontic treatment. If you have questions or concerns about your orthodontic treatment, we should certainly consult your orthodontist responsible for career guidance.

 

 

Do Braces Hurt

 

One of the most common questions people ask before starting treatment is Do braces hurt?; And Every person reacts differently in pairs, but it is important to talk to your orthodontist about a couple of options for reducing or irritation. When all is said and done, the fees for the treatment far outweigh any inconvenience that may be experienced. The first time you have braces, or after some changes in the mouth may be sore. Over the counter painkillers can actually help reduce pain if necessary. Fortunately, most orthodontic treatment is currently less cumbersome and less important, is more comfortable and more discreet than the old-style dentistry. All orthodontic treatments can help to produce smooth as possible.

 

Braces Care

 

After applying your brakes, your orthodontist will ensure that they are prepared and equipped to take care of your keys, gums and teeth. Flossing and brushing are more important than ever for people with braces, so you want to ensure you get the right tools cleaning help maintain good oral hygiene being. You can also avoid certain foods while in the process of treatment, such as ice, popcorn, nuts, gum, corn, hard or sticky candy. soft or hard foods can damage the brake and loosen the bands. The more you follow these rules, unless you find the interruptions throughout your orthodontic treatment, which means you will have your new smile at the right time.

 

Exceptional dental care

 

The remains and plaque can get caught in the little room between the son and the media, which can lead to staining of dental caries and enamel. Flossing and brushing becomes even more important when you start orthodontic treatment. If possible, brush your teeth after each time you eat to get rid of dirt, and floss at least once a day with a special wire orthodontics. If you do not have a toothbrush with you, rinse your mouth to clean your dentures leftovers. An experienced specialist can demonstrate the proper techniques for care and cleaning of your teeth throughout your orthodontic treatment. You should definitely ask about special cleaners that make cleaning around braces less difficult and more effective.

 

If your appointment with the orthodontist comes, I hope you feel more relaxed about the orthodontic treatment treatment. If you have not yet made an appointment with an orthodontist, consider consulting with one before making any decision. It can help you determine if the brakes are the best way of correcting their teeth.

 

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Dentures And Bridges

If you lose several teeth, or have been weakened or softened the teeth extractions, there are options to keep a confident smile. Your dentist can give you a list of options suitable for the particular situation, and usually contain artificial teeth and bridges.

 

Dentures replace missing teeth or extracted teeth. Typically, acrylic resin prostheses are usually removable. There are four main types of dentures including complete, with all the teeth and the tissue is removed. Partial dentures, also known as &;bridges", fill in the difference between missing teeth. conventional prostheses associated with the process in which it was resolved all the teeth before the patient is fitted to the whole set of dentures. In addition, the immediate dentures to fit directly into the mouth when the teeth were removed, after which the changes are made.

 

When implants are for you, it is important to keep them clean and the food particles and other debris that can cause bad breath and sores inside the mouth. Remove the dentures every day and brush with a brush and a detergent specifically for dentures. Do not use harsh chemicals, artificial teeth, and do not cook for them, because this can cause them to become deformed. Regular medical check-ups with your dentist to make sure that your dentures do not cause irritation around the gum.

 

Bridges, on the other hand, are generally used in patients who only need one or more replacement teeth. Bridges are not removable, but tied directly to the teeth are broken or damaged. There are a number of bridges available, all of which are destined for a particular type of dental problem. Dental dental crown, the area more natural, with a traditional bridge together. Resin-bonded bridge fuses with artificial teeth with a special cement, and is often used as a missing or broken teeth can be found in front of the mouth. Finally, the cantilever bridge is used when there is only one tooth on both sides are missing or broken tooth.

 

As with all dental care, cleaning to prevent infection in the mouth. It is very important to brush your teeth after every meal to remove food particles that can be retained in your dental work. Avoid sugary foods and starches, as they may turn into damaging acids that can promote plaque buildup in its deck. You should also floss every day after the bridge was completed. Your dentist may recommend a specific type of dental floss that can help you reach all parts of the new bridge. With good hygiene and regular dental cleaning visits, the average dental bridge can last up to 10 years.

 

Dentures and bridges are unique solutions to dental care that can help reveal a bright smile for many patients. Talk to your dentist about the best repair or replace your teeth, making sure to take care of your teeth to maintain the quality of your extensive dental work.

 

If you ever find that you lose a tooth or several teeth, remember that dentures and bridges are a viable way to restore your teeth and smile. Dr. Aakash Shah is a qualified Pune Dentist and dental Surgeon

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Dental Health :- Eight Easy Steps

Many dentists say that for a complete oral health status is a must for us to take these eight steps for dental health. Brushing and flossing is beneficial for oral health. There are cases that brushing and flossing are not enough. To ensure that the person to maintain good oral health, these steps are followed.

 

  1. An understanding of the oral health needs of an individual. People have different dental problems. Some people have problems with tooth sensitivity. Others have cavities. There are those who have gum disease. It is vital for a person to visit your dentist about your current situation.

  1. You should keep a daily routine of health. The daily routine is to brush your teeth three times a day. You can use dental floss is necessary to brush your teeth immediately. In addition to assessing dental and cleaned at least every six months is very important. Those people who have braces or health of the need to consult with their dentists in a dental procedure.

  1. Use a fluoride toothpaste. Fluor has many advantages. It strengthens the teeth and it also helps prevent tooth decay. There are so many dentists that are available today if you want an extra dose of fluoride. That may be so, it is always best to consult your dentist about them.

  1. Daily brushing and flossing are essential. This will usually remove the plaques that are in decline. Dentists frequently advise their patients to brush their teeth after every meal. If plaque is not removed, bacteria back in your mouth lead to dental problems.

  1. Eat a balanced diet. Too sweet products should be avoided. Sweets, sweet biscuits, cakes and other sweet foods stays in the mouth can produce bacteria. citrus or vitamin C is also useful for bones and teeth.

  1. Regularly check your mouth if there are cases of swollen gums, lesions, wounds, discolored teeth, chipped teeth and other problem areas.

  1. Quit smoking and drinking from time to time. This practice is not only beneficial for the body but also to the oral health of an individual. Chain Smokers tend to develop mouth cancer.

  1. Has a fixed dental check up. To maintain the healthiest state of the gums and teeth, a regular visit to the dentist is necessary confidence.

 

By going these steps you can prevent from root canal treatment, dental implants etc.

 

Entrusted to the dentist can provide a great help to any problem of oral health. These steps are useful, if a person wants to maintain a healthy lifestyle and Good Dental Health. Dental waiting for your visit. Check your local dental office hours.

 

Oracare Dental Center has been in the field of dentistry for a long time and maintains a website at the Pune Dentist, where you can get answers to all your questions.

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At some point in almost everyone's life, a tooth needs to be removed. It may be damaged in an accident, or it may decay and come out on its own or with help from a dentist. Sometimes a dentist needs to remove a crooked tooth to create space for others. When you find yourself missing a tooth for any reason, your dentist may consider replacing it with dental implants.

 

There are many reasons to replace teeth that are missing. Most people are concerned with how a missing tooth makes them look. It may also become difficult to eat your favorite foods if a tooth is missing. Furthermore, when there is a space, your other teeth may begin to shift out of alignment to fill the missing gap. This can cause problems with your bite and result in jaw pain.

 

You can prevent problems in the long term, it is better to replace missing teeth as soon as possible. Time says the jaw begins to deteriorate when the tooth does not take so drastic a change in appearance. Over time, the less the support of the bone is what is even more difficult is the system installed. The longer you wait, the fewer options may be. A dental implant is a titanium post that is embedded in the gum. It works just like the root of the tooth and the tooth must be strongly being added later. They are very strong, but you have to worry about them, as you natural tooth. This means that to maintain a clean denture tooth brushing and flossing regularly and visiting the dentist checks.

 

If you experience this type of denture, you may be wondering what the procedure entails. Your dentist will create a space for the implant into the jawbone. This is done using a special dental drill that your dentist is very experienced with. Using X-rays, the exact location and determination of titanium implants to be fitted. After it is established, it takes a number of months to move from the bone to form around the implant. In this way, it will be handled almost as strong as your natural tooth. If an artificial tooth is attached to the implant too soon, you can not get the result you were hoping to achieve. The healing process will be closely monitored by your dentist.

 

Once the professional has determined that the implant is strongly linked to the jaw, which is equipped with artificial teeth. This may be a replica of ancient porcelain tooth, bridge, or other dental prostheses. Your dentist will decide what works best for you. This can be fixed or removable, depending on your particular situation. Replacing a missing tooth or teeth have benefits beyond their appearance. It is important for your overall health, too. Missing teeth can affect the food we eat, how your face and jaw feels and how to interact with others. A healthy smile builds confidence. Dental implants are a way to get a healthy smile.

 

Looking for the best Pune Dentist, we are on your dental service in the evening. Consider the excellent dental health by the best pune dentist.

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Top 10 Dangerous Toothpaste Ingredients

 

Even though toothpaste (in some form or another) has been around as long as the Ancient Greeks have, the formula (as we know it) did not become popular until World War I. As soon as companies began manufacturing toothpaste, people began to purchase the magical concoction – guaranteed to produce glistening teeth! White teeth were all the rage after World War I had ended, and toothpaste quickly became a product that most people simply couldn’t live without.

Toothpaste is one item that nearly everyone uses today, but what makes this concoction so special? Whether you brush your teeth once per day or three times per day, chances are that you’ve never taken the time to read that ingredient list. Some believe that the ingredients contained in a standard package of toothpaste are essential – others believe that water may be just as effective. In the end, there’s a good reason why most toothpaste packages warn: “Do Not Ingest!”

10. Formaldehyde

formaldehyde

That same ingredient that coroners can’t live without can be found inside of your toothpaste tube. Formaldehyde kills all of those small bacteria that climb onto your teeth after eating or sleeping. If a large amount of formaldehyde is accidentally ingested, the result could be fatal. Severe formaldehyde ingestion results in jaundice, kidney damage, liver damage, and death.

9. Detergent

detergent

Foam, suds, activation! What would toothpaste be without that satisfying soapy feeling? Manufacturers use regular detergent in order to appease the masses that prefer bubbly toothpaste. While bubbles may be fun, be careful if you accidentally ingest a large amount of this stuff – swallowing detergent can cause digestive tract burning.

8. Seaweed

seaweed

Stretchy and slimy, seaweed holds that paste together. Without this green stuff, toothpaste would simply fall apart! The good news is that seaweed isn’t toxic. In fact, seaweed has a number of nutritional benefits, though hitting the sushi bar is a better way of gaining those benefits.

7. Peppermint Oil

peppermint oil

Minty, minty, minty! Fresh breath can only be kept fresh with the help of peppermint oil! While refreshing when brushing your teeth, peppermint oil can cause a slow pulse, heartburn, and muscle tremors if it is consumed.

6. Paraffin

paraffin

As slick as the petroleum that it is derived from, paraffin creates a smooth paste that oozes onto your toothbrush. As you might imagine, paraffin wasn’t meant to be eaten. If you happen to swallow this ingredient, you may end up with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and severe constipation.

5. Glycerine Glycol

glycerin

Never heard of this ingredient before? Sure about that? Glycerin glycol is added to toothpaste in order to prevent the paste from becoming too dry – it’s also found in antifreeze. Even though glycerin is not toxic, this additive may cause nausea if swallowed.

4. Chalk

chalk

That’s right – chalk. Thanks to the fact that chalk is made from exoskeletons, it’s hard enough to remove all of that caked on gunk from your pearly whites. Chalk dust may cause lung problems if inhaled, and swallowing a bit of chalk could cause bleeding.

3. Titanium Dioxide

titanium dioxide

This is another common toothpaste ingredient, though it’s usually found in white paint. When added to toothpaste, titanium dioxide has the safe effect on your teeth as it does on walls – it keeps them nice and white (for a few hours, at least!). Ingesting titanium dioxide won’t hurt you, but it isn’t recommended either.

2. Saccharin

saccharin

Something has to combat that terrible detergent taste! Saccharin is sweet, but not too sweet – just the way that most people like their toothpaste! Saccharin has been a hot topic of debate every since Theodore Roosevelt was in the White House. The USDA tried to ban the substance in 1972, though it is considered “safe” to ingest today.

1. Menthol

menthol

One last ingredient to add a minty note to your breath. Without menthol, toothpaste might taste like, well, chalk, glycerin, paraffin, detergent, titanium dioxide, and seaweed! Go ahead and ingest menthol if you like, but sipping some tea containing menthol is a far better idea than chewing on your tube of toothpaste.

My advice is to always buy toothpaste that has the ADA seal of approval on the box and has fluoride as an active ingredient.

If you enjoyed this article on the dangerous toothpaste ingredients, then there is a good chance you will enjoy these articles as well:

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